Understanding keratosis pilaris
If you’ve ever spotted tiny, rough bumps on your arms, thighs or cheeks, you’re not alone. These bumps are often harmless — and they have a name: keratosis pilaris. It’s a common skin condition that tends to show up in kids and teens but can affect adults, too.
While it usually doesn’t hurt or itch, keratosis pilaris can be frustrating. The good news? There are ways to help smooth things out. Let’s take a closer look at what causes it, how to treat it and when to check in with your doctor or dermatologist.
What is keratosis pilaris?
Keratosis pilaris (sometimes called "chicken skin") is a harmless skin condition that causes tiny, rough bumps to form, often in patches. These bumps are most often found on the upper arms, thighs, cheeks or buttocks — places where the skin tends to be drier. They may look like goosebumps or feel like sandpaper.1
The bumps are caused by a buildup of keratin, a protein that protects the skin. When too much keratin clogs your hair follicles, those little bumps appear. It's not spreadable or dangerous, but it can change how your skin looks and feels. This is why many people look for ways to treat or manage it.1
Common signs of keratosis pilaris
Keratosis pilaris can cause a few noticeable symptoms on your skin. Here are some common signs:
- Small, rough bumps on the skin
- Dry or sandpaper-feel to the area
- Mild redness around some of the bumps
- Bumps that tend to worsen in cold, dry weather
What are the causes and risk factors of keratosis pilaris?
Keratosis pilaris often runs in families. That means if your parent or sibling has it, you may be more likely to develop it, too. But genetics aren’t the only factor. There are several things that can increase your chances of having keratosis pilaris or make symptoms more noticeable.
You may be more likely to have this condition if you have:1
What are treatment options for keratosis pilaris?
While there’s no cure for keratosis pilaris, the condition often improves with time — and there are several treatment options that may help soften your skin and reduce the appearance of bumps. You may need to try a few approaches to find what works best for you.
Treatment options may include:1
- Moisturizers with urea, lactic acid or glycolic acid to soften the skin
- Gentle exfoliating creams to remove dead skin cells and unclog pores
- Topical retinoids that help boost skin cell turnover
- Prescription-strength treatments if over-the-counter products aren’t helping
These treatments are most effective when used daily and may take several weeks to show noticeable results.
Remedies and lifestyle changes to help with keratosis pilaris
Even though keratosis pilaris can be tough to heal completely, certain lifestyle habits and home remedies may help reduce flare-ups. Making a few simple changes to your routine can go a long way toward managing symptoms — especially during colder months when dry skin tends to get worse.
Some tips that may help manage keratosis pilaris at home:2
- A humidifier can add moisture to the air indoors
- Shorter, lukewarm showers instead of hot ones
- Gentle exfoliation using a soft cloth — avoid scrubbing too hard
- Avoiding harsh soaps or products with alcohol that dry out the skin
- Applying moisturizer right after bathing to lock in hydration
When should I see a dermatologist for keratosis pilaris?
In most cases, keratosis pilaris doesn't need to be seen by a doctor. This is especially true if your symptoms are mild and don't bother you much. But sometimes, it helps to get a professional opinion.
If the bumps are getting worse, spreading or making you feel self-conscious, a dermatologist can help confirm the diagnosis and recommend prescription treatments if needed. You should also see a dermatologist if you’re not sure what’s causing the bumps or if your skin is itchy, painful or inflamed. Getting the right diagnosis is the first step to finding relief.1
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